Ãâ·Ñ×Éѯ΢Ðż°QQ£º 1900810140
Ô­´´ÂÛÎÄ|Ô­´´²Î¿¼ÂÛÎÄ
ÄúµÄµ±Ç°Î»Ö㺠ԭ´´ÂÛÎIJο¼Ê×Ò³ > ·µ»Øѧǰ½ÌÓýÀ¸Ä¿
Ô­´´²Î¿¼µ¼º½
ÂÛÎıêÌ⣺ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø
ÂÛÎÄ·âÃ棺 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÂÛÎÄ·âÃæ
ѧУ´úºÅ£ºÎªÑ§Ð£´úÂë»òԺУ´úÂ룻  ÂÛÎÄ·ÖÀàºÅ£º¶ÔÂÛÎÄËùÉæ¼°µ½µÄÁìÓò½øÐзÖÀàµÄ´úÂ룻  Ãܼ¶£º¹«¿ª¡¢ÏÞÖÆ¡¢ÃØÃܵȣ»
ÂÛÎıêÌ⣺̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø  ×÷ÕßÐÕÃû£º±¾ÈËÐÕÃû£»  ѧºÅ£ºÓÐʱҲ»á°üÀ¨×÷ÕßÔÚ¶ÁѧУ»ò»ú¹¹µÄѧºÅ£»
ËùÔÚÔº(ϵ)£ºËùÔÚµÄѧԺ»òϵ£»  רҵÃû³Æ£ºËùÔÚµÄרҵ£»  Ö¸µ¼ÀÏʦÐÕÃû£ºÀÏʦµÄÐÕÃû£»  Íê³ÉÈÕÆÚ£ºÂÛÎÄÍê³ÉµÄÈÕÆÚ
³ÏÐÅÉùÃ÷£º     ±¾ÈËÖ£ÖØÉùÃ÷£ºËù³Ê±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ£¨Éè¼Æ£©ÊÇÎÒ¸öÈËÔÚÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦµÄϤÐÄÖ¸µ¼Ï¶ÀÁ¢½øÐÐÑо¿¹¤×÷µÄ³É¹û¡£ÔÚÑо¿¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÎÒ½øÐÐÁË´óÁ¿µÄÎÄÏ×µ÷ÑС¢ÂÛÎÄÑéÖ¤ºÍÂÛÎÄ·ÖÎöµÈ¹¤×÷£¬ÒÔÈ·±£ÂÛÎĵÄÖÊÁ¿ºÍ׼ȷÐÔ¡£ÔÚÂÛÎÄÖУ¬ÎÒÒѾ­Ã÷È·±ê×¢ÁËËùÓÐÒýÓÃËûÈËÑо¿³É¹û¡¢×ÊÁϺ͹۵ãµÄµØ·½£¬²¢°´ÕÕѧУ¹æ¶¨µÄ·½Ê½½øÐÐÁËÒýÓÃ×¢ÊÍ¡£Í¬Ê±£¬ÎÒÒ²ÒѾ­¸æÖªÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦ²¢»ñµÃÁËÐí¿É£¬¿ÉÒÔÔÚÂÛÎÄÖÐÒýÓÃÎÒÔڿγÌѧϰÆÚ¼äÍê³ÉµÄÂÛÎijɹû¡£ÕâƪÂÛÎĵÄÑо¿¹ý³ÌÖУ¬ÎÒ¾¡¿ÉÄܵر£³ÖÁ˿͹ۡ¢ÑϽ÷µÄ̬¶È£¬×ñѭѧÊõ¹æ·¶ºÍÂÛÎÄ×¼Ôò¡£ÎÒÏàÐÅ£¬ÎÒµÄÑо¿¹¤×÷¶ÔÏà¹ØÁìÓòµÄ·¢Õ¹ºÍ½ø²½ÓÐÒ»¶¨µÄ¹±Ï×£¬Ò²Ï£ÍûÕâƪÂÛÎÄÄܹ»µÃµ½¸÷λÆÀÉóÀÏʦµÄÈϿɺÍÔÞÉÍ¡£
ÂÛÎÄÕªÒª£º

    Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓýÊǶԶùͯ½øÐÐÈ«Ãæ·¢Õ¹µÄ½ÌÓý£¬ÔÚ¸öÌå³É³¤ºÍδÀ´Éç»áÖаçÑÝ×ÅÖØÒªµÄ½ÇÉ«¡£Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓýÊÇÖ¸´ÓÓ׶ù½×¶Îµ½Ð¡Ñ§½×¶ÎµÄһϵÁнÌÓý»î¶¯£¬Ö¼ÔÚ°ïÖú¶ùͯ·¢Õ¹ÖÇÁ¦¡¢ÓïÑÔ¡¢Éç½»ºÍÇé¸ÐµÈ·½ÃæµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£ÔÚµ±Ç°È«Çò»¯µÄ±³¾°Ï£¬Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÏà¹ØÎÊÌâÈÕÒæÍ»³ö£¬±¾½»Ëùд̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÌâÄ¿£¬ÂÛÎÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÖ÷ÒªÄÚÈݺÍ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿Öص㡣
    ½éÉÜÑо¿µÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÑо¿±³¾°ºÍ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÑо¿¶¯»ú£¬ÒÔ±ã¸üºÃµØÀí½âÑо¿µÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÒâÒåºÍµÄ¼ÛÖµ¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¹úÄÚÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡¢¹úÄÚÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡¢¹úÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´£¬±¾ÎÄÌṩ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿·½·¨ºÍ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÊý¾ÝÀ´Ô´£¬ÒÔ±ãÁ˽âÑо¿µÄÂÛÎĵĿɿ¿ÐԺͿÉÐŶȡ£
    ±¾ÂÛÎÄÑо¿µÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø½á¹ûºÍ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÌÖÂÛ£¬°üÀ¨·¢ÏÖ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÎÊÌâ¡¢½â¾ö·½°¸ºÍ¶ÔÑо¿½á¹ûµÄ½øÒ»²½·ÖÎöºÍÌÖÂÛ£¬Î´À´Õ¹ÍûºÍ½¨Ò飺¶Ô̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿µÄδÀ´Õ¹ÍûºÍ½¨Ò飬ÒÔ±ãÁ˽âÂÛÎĵÄÑо¿µÄDZÔÚÓ¦ÓúÍÓ°Ïì¡£±¾ÎĵÄÖ÷Òª¹±Ï×ÊÇ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¡£
    ×îºóÂÛÎĽáÂÛ£¬±¾ÎĹéÄÉÁË̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÑо¿·¢ÏÖ£¬²¢Ìá³öÁËÏàÓ¦µÄÒâ¼ûºÍÕ¹Íû¡£

    ¹Ø¼ü´Ê:̽Ѱ˼ά;̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ;άµÄÅàÑø;ÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø

ÂÛÎÄĿ¼(²Î¿¼Ä¿Â¼)£º ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøĿ¼(²Î¿¼)
ÖÐÎÄÕªÒª(²Î¿¼)
Ó¢ÎÄÕªÒªAbstract
̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøĿ¼
µÚÒ»Õ ÒýÑÔ/Ð÷ÂÛ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­1
1.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿±³¾°¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.1.1Ñо¿»·¾³¡¢ÏÖ×´¡¢ÀúÊ··¢Õ¹¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.1.2Ñо¿´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌâ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿ÒâÒå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.2.1 ÀíÂÛÒâÒå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.2.2 ʵ¼ùÒâÒå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¹úÄÚÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.3.1 ¹úÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.3.2 ¹úÄÚÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.4 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÎÄÏ××ÛÊö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.4.1 ¹úÍâÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.4.2 ¹úÄÚÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­2
1.5 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿µÄÄ¿µÄºÍÄÚÈÝ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.5.1 Ñо¿Ä¿µÄ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.5.2 Ñо¿ÄÚÈÝ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.6 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿µÄ·½·¨¼°¼¼Êõ·Ïß¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.6.1 Ñо¿·½·¨¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.6.2 Ñо¿¼¼Êõ·Ïß¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.7 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÄâ½â¾öµÄ¹Ø¼üÎÊÌâ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.8 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø´´ÐÂÐÔ/´´Ðµ㡭¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
1.9 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø±¾ÕÂС½á¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­3
µÚ¶þÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ¸ÅÊö¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­4
2.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ¶¨Òå¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­4
2.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÖØÒªÐÔ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­4
2.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ·¢Ìص㡭¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­5
µÚÈýÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ·½·¨ÓëÊֶΡ­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­6
3.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ·ÖÀà¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­6
3.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÑ¡ÔñÓëÔËÓá­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­6
3.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ´´Éè¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­7
µÚËÄÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄʦ×ÊÓëÅàѵ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 8
4.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÌص㡭¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 9
4.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÅàÑøģʽ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­9
4.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÅàѵ·½·¨ ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­10
4.4 ±¾ÕÂС½á ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­10
µÚÎåÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÆÀ¼ÛÓë¼à¶½¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­10
5.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÖØÒªÐÔ ¡­¡­ ¡­¡­¡­¡­ 11
5.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ·½·¨Ó빤¾ß ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 12
5.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ»úÖÆÓëЧ¹û ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 13
5.4 ±¾ÕÂС½á ¡­¡­¡­¡­ ¡­¡­¡­¡­ 13
µÚÁùÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÌôÕ½Óë·¢Õ¹¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­15
6.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÌôÕ½¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­15
6.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ´´ÐÂÓë¸Ä¸ï¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­16
6.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄδÀ´·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊÆ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 16
6.4 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø±¾ÕÂС½á¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 16
µÚÆßÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ¶Ô²ßÓ뽨Òé¡­¡­¡­17
7.1 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ¹ú¼Ê¾­ÑéÓë½è¼ø¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­17
7.2 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ¶Ô²ß(1,2,3,4,5)¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­17
7.3 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ½¨Òé(1,2,3,4,5)¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­17
7.4 ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ¶Ô²ßÓ뽨Òé×ܽᡭ¡­¡­¡­¡­17
µÚ°ËÕ ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø½áÂÛÓëÕ¹Íû/½áÊøÓï¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
8.1 Ñо¿½áÂÛ¼°´´Ðµã×ܽᡭ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
8.2 Ñо¿²»×ãÓëÕ¹Íû¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
8.3 ¶ÔÐÐÒµ·¢Õ¹µÄ½¨ÒéÓëÕ¹Íû¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­23
ÖÂл ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­24
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ× ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­ 25
ÂÛÎÄ×¢ÊÍ ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­26
¸½Â¼ ¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­¡­27
ÂÛÎÄÕýÎÄ£º

»ñÈ¡ÂÛÎÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÕýÎÄ

²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£º

  Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£¬°¸Àý
²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×ÀàÐÍ£º×¨Öø[M]£¬ÂÛÎļ¯[C]£¬±¨Ö½ÎÄÕÂ[N]£¬ÆÚ¿¯ÎÄÕÂ[J]£¬Ñ§Î»ÂÛÎÄ[D]£¬±¨¸æ[R]£¬±ê×¼[S]£¬×¨Àû[P]£¬ÂÛÎļ¯ÖеÄÎö³öÎÄÏ×[A]
[ÐòºÅ]Ö÷ÒªÔðÈÎÕß.ÎÄÏ×ÌâÃû[ÎÄÏ×ÀàÐͱêʶ].³ö°æµØ£º³ö°æÕߣ¬³ö°æÄê.ÆðÖ¹Ò³Âë(¿ÉÑ¡)
[1] »ôÁ¦ÑÒ,ËïǾǾ,ÁúÕýÓå. Öйú¸ßÖÊÁ¿Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓýÖ¸±êÌåϵ½¨¹¹Ñо¿[J]. »ª¶«Ê¦·¶´óѧѧ±¨£¨½ÌÓý¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022,40(1):1-18. DOI:10.16382/j.cnki.1000-5560.2022.01.001.
[2] ÅíÕù³Ê,×Þºì,ÐÜٻٻ. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÀ©ÕŶÔÅ®ÐÔ¾ÍÒµµÄ´Ù½øЧӦ·ÖÎö ¡ª¡ª¼æÎöѧǰ½ÌÓýÕþ²ßµÄÉúÓý°üÈÝÐÔ[J]. ÈË¿ÚÓë¾­¼Ã,2022(3):16-33. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-4149.2022.00.012.
[3] ËïǾǾ,»ôÁ¦ÑÒ. ¸ßÖÊÁ¿Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓý¿Î³ÌÖ¸ÄϹú¼Ê±È½ÏÑо¿[J]. ±È½Ï½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022,44(7):95-104. DOI:10.20013/j.cnki.ICE.2022.07.11.
[4] ÇØÐñ·¼,ÖìÁÕ. ÎÒ¹úÓ׶ù½ÌʦÖÊÁ¿×ÛºÏÖÎÀíµÄÀ§¾³ÓëÍ»ÆÆ¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚÈýÆÚѧǰ½ÌÓýÐж¯¼Æ»®µÄ»ØËÝÓ뷴˼[J]. ½ÌÓý¿Æѧ,2022,38(3):90-96. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-8064.2022.03.013.
[5] ³ÂÏþîñ,¸Ê¶,º¼Ã·. ¸ßУѧǰ½ÌÓýרҵѧÉú¾ÍÒµÁ¦Ä£Ð͵Ĺ¹½¨ÓëÓ¦ÓÃ[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(6):62-77. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.06.008.
[6] ÕÅÉý·å,¼öÇï. ³õÖÐÆðµã±¾¿Æ²ã´Îѧǰ½ÌÓýʦ×ÊÅàÑøģʽ̽Ë÷[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(7):91-94. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.07.012.
[7] ³ÂÖ¾Æä,²ÌÓ­Æì. Ãñ×åµØÇøѧǰ½ÌÓý·´Æ¶À§Õþ²ßµÄÑݽøÂöÂçÓëδÀ´½ÓÐø ¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚÀúÊ·ÖƶÈÖ÷ÒåµÄÊÓ½Ç[J]. Î÷ÄÏÃñ×å´óѧѧ±¨£¨ÈËÎÄÉç»á¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022,43(7):209-217. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3926.2022.07.026.
[8] ÑîÎÄ. ÎÒ¹úÅ©´åѧǰ½ÌÓý¸ßÖÊÁ¿·¢Õ¹µÄʱ´úÒâÒåÓëËùÐèÖ§³Ö[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(9):75-78. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.09.008.
[9] ³ÂÇïÖé,ÍõÓ±. ÐÂÖƶÈÖ÷ÒåÊÓÓòÏ·ÒÀ¼Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓýÕþ²ßµÄ¶àά¼ÛÖµÓëʵ¼ù·¾¶[J]. »ªÄÏʦ·¶´óѧѧ±¨£¨Éç»á¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022(5):69-81.
[10] ²ÌÓ­Æì,Íõ¼ÎÒÝ. ¿É³ÖÐø·¢Õ¹ÊÓ½ÇÏÂÇøÓòѧǰ½ÌÓý»·¾³³ÐÔØÁ¦ÆÀ¼ÛÖ¸±êÌåϵ¼°Æä²âËã[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(9):62-74. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.09.007.
[11] ÀîÎÄÃÀ. º«¹ú½ÌÓý¸£ÀûÊÓÓòÏÂѧǰ½ÌÓý²ÆÕþͶÈëÕþ²ß̽Îö[J]. ±È½Ï½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022,44(7):105-112. DOI:10.20013/j.cnki.ICE.2022.07.12.
[12] ¿×Áî˧,ÀîÕä. ½üÊ®ÄêмÓÆÂѧǰ½ÌÓýÕþ²ß·ÖÎö¼°Æôʾ ¡ª¡ª"ʹÓÅÖʵÄѧǰ½ÌÓý¿É»ñµÃºÍ¿ÉÖ§¸¶"[J]. ºÓ±±Ê¦·¶´óѧѧ±¨£¨½ÌÓý¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022,24(3):123-132. DOI:10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.ese.2022.03.017.
[13] ÁõÒ¾½¨. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÈýÄêÐж¯¼Æ»®ÆÚ¼äÎÒ¹úѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿×´¿ö ¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚ¡¶Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓýÑо¿¡·ÎÄÏ×·ÖÎö[J]. ºÓ±±Ê¦·¶´óѧѧ±¨£¨½ÌÓý¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022,24(3):107-114. DOI:10.13763/j.cnki.jhebnu.ese.2022.03.015.
[14] ÀîÇí,ÕÔ½­É½,Áõΰ. "¾´¶øÔ¶Ö®":³¡ÓòÀíÂÛÊÓ½ÇÏÂѧǰ½ÌÓý¹«·Ñʦ·¶ÉúµÄÖ°ÒµÈÏͬÓë´Ó½ÌÑ¡Ôñ[J]. ½ÌÓý¿Æѧ,2022,38(4):67-74. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-8064.2022.04.010.
[15] ³Â´¿éÈ. ¶ùͯ½ÓÊÜѧǰ½ÌÓýµÄÆðʼÄêÁäÓëÆäÇàÉÙÄêʱÆÚ·¢Õ¹µÄ¹Øϵ¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚÂíÊϾàÀëÆ¥Åä·¨ÓëÏÄÆÕÀïÖµ·Ö½â·¨µÄ·ÖÎö[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(7):66-78. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.07.008.
[16] ³ÂÈØêÍ,ÀµÏþÙ». ÎÒ¹úÅ©´åѧǰ½ÌÓý×ÊÔ´ÅäÖü°ÓÅ»¯²ßÂÔ[J]. ¶«±±Ê¦´óѧ±¨£¨ÕÜѧÉç»á¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022(5):156-164. DOI:10.16164/j.cnki.22-1062/c.2022.05.018.
[17] ÑÏÖÙÁ¬,ãÆÁÕÁÕ. ѧǰ½ÌÓý·çÏÕµÄÉú³É»úÀíÓë¹æ±Ü²ßÂÔ[J]. ½ÌÓý¿Æѧ,2022,38(3):76-82. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-8064.2022.03.011.
[18] ÁõÓÀÁÖ,ÍõÑÇ׿,ÑîСÃô. µØ·½Ñ§Ç°½ÌÓýÁ¢·¨ÖеÄÕþ¸®¼à¹Ü ¡ª¡ª»ùÓÚÖǻۼà¹ÜÀíÂ۵Ŀò¼Ü½¨¹¹¡¢Êµ¼ù¼ìÊÓÓëÖƶÈÉè¼Æ[J]. ½ÌÓýѧ±¨,2022,18(5):129-140. DOI:10.14082/j.cnki.1673-1298.2022.05.012.
[19] ¼Ö´ºÀö. ÌáÉýѧǰ½ÌÓýרҵѧÉúÒôÀÖÑݳªÓë±íÑݼ¼ÄܵļÛÖµºÍ;¾¶[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(1):83-86. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.01.009.
[20] Ñî´¨,ÖÜÀÙ,Û³³¬ÔÆ. Ðж¯ÕßÍøÂçÀíÂÛÊÓÓòÏÂÏç´åѧǰ½ÌÓý·¢Õ¹µÄÄÚÉú·¾¶[J]. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿,2022(1):70-82. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-8169.2022.01.008.

ÂÛÎĽÅ×¢£º

  1 ÂíÏþϼ. ѧǰ½ÌÓý¶Ô²èÎÄ»¯µÄ´«³ÐÓ봴зÖÎö[J]. ¸£½¨²èÒ¶,2022(4):161-163. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-2291.2022.04.059.
2 ¶¡ÎÄæÃ,Áõº£Ó¢,³ÂêØ. ѧǰ½ÌÓýÈÚÈ봫ͳÎÄ»¯µÄ±ØÒªÐÔ¼°ÒâÒåÑо¿ ¡ª¡ªÒÔ²èÎÄ»¯ÎªÀý[J]. ¸£½¨²èÒ¶,2022,44(9):105-107. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-2291.2022.09.035.
3 ·®Ïþ½¿. ÃÀ¹úѧǰ½ÌÓýÖÊÁ¿ÆÀ¼¶ÓëÌáÉýϵͳ̽Îö[J]. ÄþÏÄ´óѧѧ±¨£¨ÈËÎÄÉç»á¿Æѧ°æ£©,2022,44(1):47-53,74. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5744.2022.01.007.
4 ¾°ÓÀºì. ²èÎÄ»¯±³¾°ÏÂѧǰ½ÌÓýÖеÄÓÎÏ·¿Î³Ì·¢Õ¹[J]. ¸£½¨²èÒ¶,2022,44(2):120-122. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-2291.2022.02.047.
5 ÍõÄÌÕä. ½ÌÓý¾ùºâÊÓ½ÇÏÂѧǰ½ÌÓý²ÆÕþÖ§³Ö»úÖÆ̽¾¿[J]. ²Æ»áͨѶ,2022(10):157-160,171.
6 ÕÂæÂ. "ÈýάÑÐѵ":³ÉÈ˸ßУѧǰ½ÌÓýרҵ»ìºÏʽ½ÌѧģʽµÄÓ¦ÓÃ[J]. Öйú³ÉÈ˽ÌÓý,2022(9):47-51. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-6577.2022.09.011.
7 ÁõÁØ·¼. ׿ԽÓ׶ùÔ°½ÌʦÅàÑøµ¼ÏòϵĸßУѧǰ½ÌÓýרҵÈ˲ÅÅàÑøÓÅ»¯²ßÂÔ[J]. ÏÖ´ú½ÌÓý¿Æѧ,2022(5):78-84. DOI:10.13980/j.cnki.xdjykx.2022.05.013.
8 ÂÀά˹. ²èÎÄ»¯×ÊÔ´ÔÚѧǰ½ÌÓý¿Î³ÌÖеÄÓ¦ÓòßÂÔ[J]. ¸£½¨²èÒ¶,2022(5):155-157. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-2291.2022.05.055.
9 Òü¸¶Ñà. ²èÎÄ»¯ÈÚÈë¸ßÖ°¸ßרѧǰ½ÌÓýÃÀÊõ½ÌѧµÄ̽¾¿[J]. ¸£½¨²èÒ¶,2022,44(2):207-209. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-2291.2022.02.081.
10 ºÎµ¤. »ùÓÚ¸ßְԺУѧǰ½ÌÓýרҵѧÉú·¨ÖÎËØÑøÅàÓýµÄ˼¿¼[J]. ½ÌÓýµ¼¿¯,2022(1):61-66. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3476(s).2022.01.010.

ÂÛÎÄÖÂл£º

  Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÊÇÔÚÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦ¾«ÐÄÖ¸µ¼ºÍ´óÁ¦Ö§³ÖÏÂÍê³ÉµÄ¡£

ÎÒÏëÔÚÎÒµÄÂÛÎÄÖÐÏòËùÓÐÔÚѧǰ½ÌÓýÁìÓòΪÎÒÌṩ°ïÖúºÍÖ§³ÖµÄÈËÖÂÒÔ×îÉîÇеĸм¤Ö®Çé¡£ Ê×ÏÈ£¬ÎÒÒª¸ÐлÎҵĵ¼Ê¦ºÍÖ¸µ¼ÀÏʦÃÇ¡£ËûÃÇÔÚÎÒµÄÑо¿ÉúÑÄÖÐΪÎÒÌṩÁËÎÞ˽µÄÖ¸µ¼ºÍÖ§³Ö£¬Ê¹ÎÒÄܹ»ÉîÈëÁ˽âѧǰ½ÌÓýÁìÓòµÄ֪ʶºÍ¼¼ÄÜ¡£ËûÃǵÄϤÐÄÖ¸µ¼ºÍ½¨ÒéÈÃÎÒÔÚÑо¿ÖÐÈ¡µÃÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄ³É¹û¡£ Æä´Î£¬ÎÒÒª¸ÐлÎÒµÄͬʺͺÏ×÷ÕßÃÇ¡£ËûÃÇÓëÎÒ·ÖÏíÁËËûÃǵľ­ÑéºÍ֪ʶ£¬ÎªÎÒÌṩÁ˱¦¹óµÄÖ¸µ¼ºÍ½¨Òé¡£ËûÃǵÄÇڷܹ¤×÷ºÍºÏ×÷¾«ÉñÈÃÎÒÔÚѧǰ½ÌÓýÁìÓòÈ¡µÃÁ˸ü¶àµÄ½øÕ¹¡£ ´ËÍ⣬ÎÒ»¹Òª¸ÐлÎҵļÒÈ˺ÍÅóÓÑÃÇ¡£ËûÃÇÔÚÎÒÍê³Éѧǰ½ÌÓýÑо¿µÄ¹ý³ÌÖÐÒ»Ö±Ö§³ÖºÍ¹ÄÀø×ÅÎÒ¡£ËûÃǵİ®ºÍ¹ØÐÄÈÃÎÒÔÚÑо¿ÖиÐÊܵ½Á˸ü¶àµÄÎÂůºÍ¶¯Á¦¡£ ×îºó£¬ÎÒÒª¸Ðлѧǰ½ÌÓýÁìÓòµÄ¸÷λר¼ÒºÍѧÕß¡£ËûÃǵÄÑо¿³É¹ûºÍÀíÂÛ֪ʶΪÎÒµÄÑо¿ÌṩÁ˱¦¹óµÄ²Î¿¼ºÍÖ§³Ö¡£ËûÃǵűÏ׺ÍŬÁ¦ÎªÑ§Ç°½ÌÓýÁìÓòµÄ·¢Õ¹×ö³öÁËÖØÒªµÄ¹±Ïס£ ÔÚ´Ë£¬ÎÒÒªÏòËùÓÐΪÎÒÌṩ°ïÖúºÍÖ§³ÖµÄÈËÃÇÖÂÒÔ×î³ÏÖ¿µÄлÒ⡣ûÓÐÄãÃǵİïÖúºÍÖ§³Ö£¬ÎÒµÄÑо¿ÎÞ·¨È¡µÃ½ñÌìµÄ³É¹û¡£ÄãÃǵÄÖ§³ÖºÍ°ïÖú½«Ò»Ö±¼¤Àø×ÅÎÒÇ°½ø¡£

¿ªÌⱨ¸æ£º

̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¿ªÌⱨ¸æ²Î¿¼½á¹¹
Ò»¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑ¡ÌâµÄ±³¾°ÓëÑо¿ÒâÒå
¶þ¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿µÄ˼·ÓëÖ÷ÒªÄÚÈÝ
Èý¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄËùÓõķ½·¨£¨¼¼Êõ·Ïߣ©
ËÄ¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÖ÷Òª²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£¨10ƪÒÔÉÏ£¬×¢Òâ¸ñʽ¡£°´ÒªÇó£©
Î塢̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¼Æ»®½ø¶È£¨°´Ñ§Ð£ÒªÇóÌîд¼´¿É£¡£¡£©
Áù¡¢²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ×£ºÁгöÓë¸ÃÑо¿Ïà¹ØµÄ²Î¿¼ÎÄÏס£²»Í¬Ñ§Ð£¾ßÌåÒªÇó¿ÉÄÜÓÐËù²»Í¬¡£
²é¿´Ïêϸ¿ªÌⱨ¸æ

¿ªÌⱨ¸æÄ£°å£º

̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¿ªÌⱨ¸æ
ÏÂÔØ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¿ªÌⱨ¸æÄ£°å

ÎÄÏ××ÛÊö½á¹¹£º

̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÎÄÏ××ÛÊöÊǶÔijһÖ÷ÌâÁìÓòµÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿ÏÖ×´ºÍ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊƽøÐÐ×ÛºÏÐԵĽéÉܺͷÖÎö¡£Í¨³£°üÀ¨ÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺
Ñо¿±³¾°£º½éÉÜ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓòµÄÑо¿±³¾°ºÍÀúÊ··¢Õ¹£¬°üÀ¨Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÖƶȡ¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÀíÂÛ¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøʵ¼ùµÈ·½ÃæµÄÑݱäºÍ·¢Õ¹¡£
Ñо¿ÏÖ×´£º¶Ô̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓòµÄÑо¿ÏÖ×´½øÐÐ×ÛºÏÐԵĽéÉܺͷÖÎö£¬°üÀ¨¸÷ÖÖ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÎÊÌâµÄÑо¿ÏÖ×´¡¢Ñо¿Èȵ㡢Ñо¿³É¹ûµÈ¡£
Ñо¿ÎÊÌ⣺ָ³öµ±Ç°Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓò´æÔÚµÄÎÊÌâºÍÌôÕ½£¬ÒÔ¼°Î´À´Ñо¿µÄ·½ÏòºÍÖص㡣
Ñо¿·½·¨£º½éÉÜ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓòµÄÑо¿·½·¨ºÍ¼¼Êõ£¬°üÀ¨°¸Àý·ÖÎö¡¢ÊµÖ¤Ñо¿¡¢±È½ÏÑо¿µÈ¡£
Ñо¿³É¹û£º½éÉÜ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓòµÄÑо¿³É¹ûºÍ½øÕ¹£¬°üÀ¨¸÷ÖÖ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÖø×÷¡¢ÆÚ¿¯ÂÛÎÄ¡¢Ñо¿±¨¸æµÈ¡£
Ñо¿ÕùÒ飺½éÉÜ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓòµÄÑо¿ÕùÒéºÍ²»Í¬¹Ûµã£¬ÒÔ¼°Î´À´Ñо¿µÄ·½ÏòºÍÖص㡣
δÀ´Õ¹Íû£º¶Ô̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÁìÓòµÄδÀ´·¢Õ¹½øÐÐÕ¹ÍûºÍÔ¤²â£¬°üÀ¨Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÖƶȡ¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÀíÂÛ¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøʵ¼ùµÈ·½ÃæµÄ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊƺÍÑо¿Èȵ㡣
×ÜÖ®£¬ÎÄÏ××ÛÊö̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÊǶÔijһÖ÷ÌâÁìÓòµÄ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿ÏÖ×´ºÍ·¢Õ¹Ç÷ÊƽøÐÐ×ÛºÏÐԵĽéÉܺͷÖÎö£¬ÊǽøÐÐ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÑо¿ºÍѧÊõ½»Á÷µÄÖØÒª¹¤¾ß¡£

ÂÛÎĸ½Â¼£º

¶Ôд×÷Ö÷ÌâµÄ²¹³ä£¬²¢²»ÊDZØÒªµÄ¡£
1¡¢ËµÃ÷Êé»òÂÛÎĵĸ½Â¼ÒÀ´ÎΪ¡°¸½Â¼A¡±¡¢¡°¸½Â¼B¡±¡¢¡°¸½Â¼C¡±µÈ±àºÅ¡£Èç¹ûÖ»ÓÐÒ»¸ö¸½Â¼£¬Ò²Ó¦±àΪ¡°¸½Â¼A¡±¡£
2¡¢¸½Â¼ÖеÄͼ¡¢±í¡¢¹«Ê½µÄÃüÃû·½·¨Ò²²ÉÓÃÉÏÃæÌáµ½µÄͼ¡¢±í¡¢¹«Ê½ÃüÃû·½·¨£¬Ö»²»¹ý½«ÕµÄÐòºÅ»»³É¸½Â¼µÄÐòºÅ¡£

ÂÛÎÄ´ð±çÖ¸µ¼£º

ÔÚ±ÏÒµÂÛÎÄ´ð±ç¹ý³ÌÖУ¬´ð±çίԱ»áµÄÀÏʦÃǾ­³£»áÌá³öµÄÎÊÌâÓУº

1¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄ±ÏÒµÂÛÎIJÉÓÃÁËÄÄЩÓ뱾רҵÏà¹ØµÄÑо¿·½·¨£¿

2¡¢ÂÛÎÄÖеĺËÐĸÅÄîÊÇʲô£¿ÓÃÄã×Ô¼ºµÄ»°¸ß¶È¸ÅÀ¨¡£

3¡¢ÄãÑ¡ÌâµÄÔµÓÉÊÇʲô£¿Ñо¿¾ßÓкÎÖÖÏÖʵָµ¼ÒâÒ壿

4¡¢ÂÛÎÄÖеĺËÐĸÅÄîÔõÑùÔÚÄãµÄÎÄÖÐÌåÏÖ£¿

5¡¢´Ó·´ÃæµÄ½Ç¶Èȥ˼¿¼£ºÈç¹û²»°´ÕÕÄã˵µÄÄÇÑùÈ¥×ö£¬½á¹ûÓÖ»áÔõÑù£¿

6¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÀíÂÛ»ù´¡ÓëÖ÷Ìå¿ò¼Ü´æÔÚºÎÖÖ¹ØÁª£¿×îÖ÷ÒªµÄÀíÂÛ»ù´¡ÊÇʲô£¿

7¡¢ÖÊÐÔÑо¿Óë·Ã̸·¨¡¢¶¨ÐÔÑо¿¡¢¶¨Á¿Ñо¿¡¢µ÷²éÑо¿¡¢ÊµÖ¤Ñо¿µÄÇø±ð£¿

8¡¢¾­¹ýÄãµÄÑо¿£¬ÄãÈÏΪ½á¹û»áÊÇÔõÑù£¿ÓкÎÕýÃæ»ò¸ºÃæЧ¹û£¿

9¡¢Ì½Ñ°Ë¼Î¬Ö®µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøµÄÂÛÎÄ»ù´¡ºÎÖÖÑо¿Êӽǣ¿ÊÇʲôÊӽǣ¿

10¡¢ÂÛÎÄÑо¿µÄ¶ÔÏóÊǸöÌ廹ÊÇȺÌ壿ÊǵãµÄÑо¿»¹ÊÇÃæµÄÑо¿£¿

11¡¢Ñо¿µÄӦȻ¡¢ÊµÈ»¡¢Ê¹È»·Ö±ðÊÇʲô£¿

12¡¢ÂÛÎÄÖеĽáÂÛ¡¢½¨Òé»ò²ßÂÔÊÇ·ñ¾ßÓпÉÐÐÐԺͲÙ×÷ÐÔ£¿

ÇëÁªÏµÎÒÃÇ£¡

Ô­´´ÐÔºÍѧÊõ³ÏÐÅ£º

ÂÛÎÄÓ¦±£Ö¤Ô­´´ÐÔ£¬±ÜÃâ³­Ï®ºÍØâÇÔËûÈ˳ɹû¡£
ÒýÓÃËûÈ˹۵ã»òÊý¾Ýʱ£¬Ó¦Ã÷È·ÒýÓÃÀ´Ô´£¬²¢×ñѭѧÊõ³ÏÐÅÔ­Ôò¡£

×ÖÊýÒªÇó£º

¸ù¾Ý²»Í¬ÀàÐ͵ÄÂÛÎĺÍÈÎÎñ£¬¿É»áÓоßÌåµÄ×ÖÊýÒªÇó¡£ÀýÈ磬±ÏÒµÉè¼Æ˵Ã÷ÊéÒªÇóÔÚ7000-15000×Ö×óÓÒ£¬¶øÀíÂÛÑо¿ÀàÂÛÎÄ¿ÉÄÜÒªÇó1Íò¡«1.2Íò×Ö£¬Ìṩ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÀ©Õ¹×ÖÊýµÄ·þÎñ

¸ñʽºÍÅŰ棺

ÂÛÎÄÓ¦×ñÑ­Ò»¶¨µÄ¸ñʽҪÇ󣬰üÀ¨×ÖÌå¡¢×ֺš¢Ðмä¾àµÈÅÅ°æÒªÇó¡£ÂÛÎÄÓ¦°üÀ¨ÌâÃû¡¢×÷Õß¡¢ÕªÒª¡¢¹Ø¼ü´Ê¡¢ÕýÎÄ¡¢²Î¿¼ÎÄÏ׵Ȳ¿·Ö£¬²¢¸ù¾ÝÐèÒªÌí¼Ó¸½Â¼ºÍÖÂл£¬Ìṩ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÅÅ°æµÄ·þÎñ¡£

²éÖØ˵Ã÷£º

Ò»°ãѧУҪÇóÖªÍø¡¢Î¬ÆÕ30%ÄÚ£¬Ñ§Î»ÂÛÎIJéÖظü¼ÓÑϸñ£¬ÎÒÃÇÒ²Ìṩ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø²éÖØÖ¸µ¼·þÎñ¡£

ÂÛÎÄ´ð±çPPTÄ£°å£º

ÏÂÔØ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÄ£°å

ÂÛÎÄÄ£ÄâÂÛÎÄ´ð±ç£º

Ä£Äâ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑøÂÛÎÄ´ð±ç

ÂÛÎÄרҵ£º ѧǰ½ÌÓý
ÂÛÎÄ˵Ã÷£º ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø´ËÂÛÎÄûÓжÔÍ⹫¿ªÈκÎÐÅÏ¢£¬¿ÉÁªÏµÎÒÃÇ»ñµÃÏà¹ØÕªÒªºÍĿ¼
ÂÛÎIJο¼·¶Î§£º ̽Ѱ˼ά֮µÀ×ÌÑøÁ鶯֮˼-dz̸СѧÊýѧ½ÌѧÖÐÅúÅÐÐÔ˼άµÄÅàÑø¿ÉÒÔÔÚ³ÉÈ˸߿¼¡¢¿ª·Å´óѧ¡¢×Ôѧ¿¼ÊÔ¡¢ÍøÂç½ÌÓý¡¢¹ã²¥µçÊÓ´óѧ¡¢±¾¿Æ¡¢×¨¿ÆÖвο¼Ê¹Óã¡
ÂÛÎıàºÅ£º 1956585
Ïà¹ØÔ­´´ÂÛÎÄ£º
ÉÏһƪ£ºÐ¡Ñ§µÍÄ꼶ÓïÎÄÇé¾³´´ÉèÓÐЧ½Ì·¨µÄ̽Ë÷
ÏÂһƪ£ºÖÐСѧÉú¸Ð¶÷Òâʶµ÷²éÑо¿